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Tuesday, 28 June 2016

TOP CAUSES OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS Continued

TOP CAUSES OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
13.-Complex traffic situations
·       On some roads the traffic situation is more complex than on other roads.  It depends for example on the number and type of intersections; the absence or presence of pedestrians, Motorcyclists, Tri-Cycles, cyclists, agricultural vehicles. In more complex traffic situations, the accident risk is higher. In addition, the increase of accident risk is larger as complexity increases (Taylor).

Saturday, 25 June 2016

TOP CAUSES OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS-

TOP CAUSES OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Road traffic accident can lead to several unwanted consequences, including death, permanent injuries, Hospitalization and loss of earnings, etc. We must do everything we can to avoid a road traffic accident.
While some of these road traffic accident causes may seem obvious and redundant to experienced drivers, the list below aims to educate all levels of drivers, from the teenage driver who just got his license, to the senior driver with very many years’ experience behind the wheel. Learning to drive a car takes many instructional hours behind the wheel, especially if that driver wants to avoid causing automobile accidents The causes of Road traffic accidents listed in this write-up is by no means exhaustive and is in no specific order but it help you drive safely and stay alive for your loved ones.

Saturday, 18 June 2016

REDUCING RISK FACTORS IN FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY-PART 2

REDUCING RISK FACTORS IN FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY- CONCLUDING PART 

HAND WASHING: Good personal hygiene practices are an essential part of providing safe food.  Among these hygiene practices, the most important is hand washing.  Food Handlers must wash their hands and forearms using the following procedure:  
1.       Moisten hands with hot water and apply hand soap. •
2.       Vigorously rub hands together scrubbing between your fingers, under your fingernails, your forearms, and the back of your hands.  You must continue scrubbing for at least 20 seconds.  It is the hand soap combined with the scrubbing action that removes the dirt and germs from your hands. •
3.       You must completely rinse your hands under running water and dry them with a disposable paper towel.  
You must be aware of what your hands are touching at all times.  You should recognize when your hands become contaminated and wash them to keep from passing the contamination on to the food you are preparing and serving.  It is always necessary to wash your hands: 
        Prior to handling food, utensils, and single service articles;
        Before putting on gloves to handle ready-to-eat foods and between glove changes.
        Before and after handling or touching any raw foods such as raw meats, chicken.
        After using the bathroom;
        After touching any part of your body or uniform;
        After handling dirty equipment, dishes or utensils;
        After taking a break;
        After any other activity that may contaminate your hands such as washing dishes, sweeping the floor, taking out the trash, eating or drinking, coughing, or sneezing.  
You must wash your hands in an approved, designated hand sink. 

Wednesday, 15 June 2016

FOOD SAFETY FOR FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRIES

REDUCING RISK FACTORS IN FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY-PART 1
Introduction
Every year, billions of people experience one or more episodes of food borne disease, without ever knowing that their illness was caused by food. The most common symptoms of food borne disease are: 
·         Stomach pains;
·         Vomiting;·         Diarrhea.
 Symptoms may occur very quickly after eating the food, or may take days or even weeks to appear.

Tuesday, 14 June 2016

     
 APPLICATION OF HACCP CAN GREATLY IMPROVE FOOD SAFETY
Food safety refers to the conditions and practices that preserve the quality of food to prevent contamination and food borne illnesses. Proper handling and preparation of food greatly reduces the risks of getting food to be “unsafe”. Quality standards are usually related to improving the safety of food products .The entire food chain must take responsibility to produce safe food to consumers.The mandate for food safety is shared by various government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) and also cuts across different tiers of government ;Federal, State and Local.Ministries: Health ,Agriculture & Water Resources &Commerce and Industry  Department: Fisheries, Livestock.  Agencies: NAFDAC & SON.  LGs: Primary Health Care Development.

  Food safety and food quality can be controlled in the food and allied industries by developing and implementing in house food safety and quality programs.
The traditional method of examining microbiological safety, storage stability and sanitary quality of a food, testing representative portions (or samples) of the final product for the presence of some pathogens (such as Salmonella) or the number of level of certain pathogens (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus), different microbial groups,  aerobic plate counts, psychotrophic counts, ,thermoduric counts , yeasts and moulds , indicator organisms -e.g. coliforms and enterococci per gram or millitre of product has an obvious disadvantage. The traditional method does not provide close to 100% assurance about   Safety, Stability, Sanitary quality of the products.
Programs that are used to enhance food safety and quality include Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP),  Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and Sanitation.

Monday, 13 June 2016

SAFETY IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

SAFETY IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
The food industry is the largest employer of labor in this nation. The food industry today is highly diversified. The food and drink manufacturing industry comprises over 30 different industries. The restaurants, fast foods, mobile canteens and” bukas” are all part of this industry.
Every year, lots of injury is recorded in the food industry, most are not reported. We shall attempt to highlight some hazards and their prevention in the industry.
 It was revealed during the year 2010 celebration of the world Day for safety and Health at Work that 2.3 million occupational fatalities occur annually while nothing less than 100 fatalities and some billions of Naira losses have been recorded in Nigeria. Between April, 28, 2009 and April, 2010; investigations reveal that not less than 200 cases of work place accidents occur in Nigeria daily with an equally high rate of fatalities. 
Too often the food industry is not considered to be particularly hazardous, and a feeling of complacency develops. Often the materials used are the ones people are familiar with hence individuals might not understand the hazards that can arise when industrial strengths or quantities are employed.

Thursday, 2 June 2016

HEALTH OF THE ELDERS



HEALTH OF THE ELDERS
Elders or Senior citizens are people who are 60 years and above in age.  They are generally retired personnel and most are grandparents.
There are about 700,000 people in this age range in the world today. It is estimated that by the year 2050, elders will number about 2 billion and about 20 % of the world population..
In Nigeria, life expectancy is put at 54 years. In the developed world, life expectancy gets as high as 80. Even though our life expectancy is below the elders’ age, with better education and healthcare as well as improved standard of living, the elders’ population in Nigeria will surely follow the world trend.